Vitalik: The PeerDAS implementation in the Fusaka upgrade achieves Ethereum sharding, and the focus will be on optimizing PeerDAS stability over the next two years

Vitalik Buterin posted to celebrate the successful upgrade of Ethereum Fusaka, stating that the PeerDAS implementation in the Fusaka upgrade has achieved sharding and data availability sampling: this has been Ethereum's long-standing dream.

While a secondary increase in transaction scale has been achieved on Layer 2 by increasing blob capacity—according to recent analysis, L2 fees could decrease by 40-60%—Layer 1 remains constrained until zero-knowledge EVM matures, while also requiring distributed block construction and sharded memory pools. This marks a key evolution in blockchain scalability, filling a decade-long roadmap gap since Ethereum's sharding vision in 2015, with the next two years focusing on optimizing the stability of PeerDAS and expanding to L1 gas limits for broader throughput.